chore(deps): update dependency werkzeug to >=3.1.5, <3.1.6 [security]

[renovate]

This PR contains the following updates:

Package	Change	Age	Confidence
Werkzeug (changelog)	>=3.0.1, <3.1.0 → >=3.1.5, <3.1.6

GitHub Vulnerability Alerts

CVE-2025-66221

Werkzeug's safe_join function allows path segments with Windows device names. On Windows, there are special device names such as CON, AUX, etc that are implicitly present and readable in every directory. send_from_directory uses safe_join to safely serve files at user-specified paths under a directory. If the application is running on Windows, and the requested path ends with a special device name, the file will be opened successfully, but reading will hang indefinitely.

CVE-2026-21860

Werkzeug's safe_join function allows path segments with Windows device names that have file extensions or trailing spaces. On Windows, there are special device names such as CON, AUX, etc that are implicitly present and readable in every directory. Windows still accepts them with any file extension, such as CON.txt, or trailing spaces such as CON .

This was previously reported as GHSA-hgf8-39gv-g3f2, but the fix failed to account for compound extensions such as CON.txt.html or trailing spaces. It also missed some additional special names.

send_from_directory uses safe_join to safely serve files at user-specified paths under a directory. If the application is running on Windows, and the requested path ends with a special device name, the file will be opened successfully, but reading will hang indefinitely.

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Release Notes

pallets/werkzeug (Werkzeug)

v3.1.5

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Released 2026-01-08

• safe_join on Windows does not allow more special device names, regardless
  of extension or surrounding spaces. :ghsa:87hc-h4r5-73f7
• The multipart form parser handles a \r\n sequence at a chunk boundary.
  This fixes the previous attempt, which caused incorrect content lengths.
  :issue:3065 :issue:3077
• Fix AttributeError when initializing DebuggedApplication with
  pin_security=False. :issue:3075

v3.1.4

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Released 2025-11-28

• safe_join on Windows does not allow special device names. This prevents
  reading from these when using send_from_directory. secure_filename
  already prevented writing to these. :ghsa:hgf8-39gv-g3f2
• The debugger pin fails after 10 attempts instead of 11. :pr:3020
• The multipart form parser handles a \r\n sequence at a chunk boundary.
  :issue:3065
• Improve CPU usage during Watchdog reloader. :issue:3054
• Request.json annotation is more accurate. :issue:3067
• Traceback rendering handles when the line number is beyond the available
  source lines. :issue:3044
• HTTPException.get_response annotation and doc better conveys the
  distinction between WSGI and sans-IO responses. :issue:3056

v3.1.3

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Released 2024-11-08

• Initial data passed to MultiDict and similar interfaces only accepts
  list, tuple, or set when passing multiple values. It had been
  changed to accept any Collection, but this matched types that should be
  treated as single values, such as bytes. :issue:2994
• When the Host header is not set and Request.host falls back to the
  WSGI SERVER_NAME value, if that value is an IPv6 address it is wrapped
  in [] to match the Host header. :issue:2993

v3.1.2

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Released 2024-11-04

• Improve type annotation for TypeConversionDict.get to allow the type
  parameter to be a callable. :issue:2988
• Headers does not inherit from MutableMapping, as it is does not
  exactly match that interface. :issue:2989

v3.1.1

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Released 2024-11-01

• Fix an issue that caused str(Request.headers) to always appear empty.
  :issue:2985

v3.1.0

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Released 2024-10-31

• Drop support for Python 3.8. :pr:2966

• Remove previously deprecated code. :pr:2967

• Request.max_form_memory_size defaults to 500kB instead of unlimited.
  Non-file form fields over this size will cause a RequestEntityTooLarge
  error. :issue:2964

• OrderedMultiDict and ImmutableOrderedMultiDict are deprecated.
  Use MultiDict and ImmutableMultiDict instead. :issue:2968

• Behavior of properties on request.cache_control and
  response.cache_control has been significantly adjusted.

  • Dict values are always str | None. Setting properties will convert
    the value to a string. Setting a property to False is equivalent to
    setting it to None. Getting typed properties will return None if
    conversion raises ValueError, rather than the string. :issue:2980
  • max_age is None if present without a value, rather than -1.
    :issue:2980
  • no_cache is a boolean for requests, it is True instead of
    "*" when present. It remains a string for responses. :issue:2980
  • max_stale is True if present without a value, rather
    than "*". :issue:2980
  • no_transform is a boolean. Previously it was mistakenly always
    None. :issue:2881
  • min_fresh is None if present without a value, rather than
    "*". :issue:2881
  • private is True if present without a value, rather than "*".
    :issue:2980
  • Added the must_understand property. :issue:2881
  • Added the stale_while_revalidate, and stale_if_error
    properties. :issue:2948
  • Type annotations more accurately reflect the values. :issue:2881

• Support Cookie CHIPS (Partitioned Cookies). :issue:2797

• Add 421 MisdirectedRequest HTTP exception. :issue:2850

• Increase default work factor for PBKDF2 to 1,000,000 iterations.
  :issue:2969

• Inline annotations for datastructures, removing stub files.
  :issue:2970

• MultiDict.getlist catches TypeError in addition to ValueError
  when doing type conversion. :issue:2976

• Implement | and |= operators for MultiDict, Headers, and
  CallbackDict, and disallow |= on immutable types. :issue:2977

v3.0.6

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Released 2024-10-25

• Fix how max_form_memory_size is applied when parsing large non-file
  fields. :ghsa:q34m-jh98-gwm2
• safe_join catches certain paths on Windows that were not caught by
  ntpath.isabs on Python < 3.11. :ghsa:f9vj-2wh5-fj8j

v3.0.5

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Released 2024-10-24

• The Watchdog reloader ignores file closed no write events. :issue:2945
• Logging works with client addresses containing an IPv6 scope :issue:2952
• Ignore invalid authorization parameters. :issue:2955
• Improve type annotation fore SharedDataMiddleware. :issue:2958
• Compatibility with Python 3.13 when generating debugger pin and the current
  UID does not have an associated name. :issue:2957

v3.0.4

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Released 2024-08-21

• Restore behavior where parsing multipart/x-www-form-urlencoded data with
  invalid UTF-8 bytes in the body results in no form data parsed rather than a
  413 error. :issue:2930
• Improve parse_options_header performance when parsing unterminated
  quoted string values. :issue:2904
• Debugger pin auth is synchronized across threads/processes when tracking
  failed entries. :issue:2916
• Dev server handles unexpected SSLEOFError due to issue in Python < 3.13.
  :issue:2926
• Debugger pin auth works when the URL already contains a query string.
  :issue:2918

v3.0.3

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Released 2024-05-05

• Only allow localhost, .localhost, 127.0.0.1, or the specified
  hostname when running the dev server, to make debugger requests. Additional
  hosts can be added by using the debugger middleware directly. The debugger
  UI makes requests using the full URL rather than only the path.
  :ghsa:2g68-c3qc-8985
• Make reloader more robust when "" is in sys.path. :pr:2823
• Better TLS cert format with adhoc dev certs. :pr:2891
• Inform Python < 3.12 how to handle itms-services URIs correctly, rather
  than using an overly-broad workaround in Werkzeug that caused some redirect
  URIs to be passed on without encoding. :issue:2828
• Type annotation for Rule.endpoint and other uses of endpoint is
  Any. :issue:2836
• Make reloader more robust when "" is in sys.path. :pr:2823

v3.0.2

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Released 2024-04-01

• Ensure setting merge_slashes to False results in NotFound for
  repeated-slash requests against single slash routes. :issue:2834
• Fix handling of TypeError in TypeConversionDict.get() to match
  ValueError. :issue:2843
• Fix response_wrapper type check in test client. :issue:2831
• Make the return type of MultiPartParser.parse more precise.
  :issue:2840
• Raise an error if converter arguments cannot be parsed. :issue:2822

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