fix: release lock before streaming and add kernel interrupt support

js/src/sandbox.ts

@@ -436,4 +436,47 @@ export class Sandbox extends BaseSandbox {
       throw formatRequestTimeoutError(error)
     }
   }
+
+  /**
+   * Interrupt a running execution in a context.
+   *
+   * This sends an interrupt signal to the Jupyter kernel, which stops the
+   * currently running code without restarting the kernel. All previously
+   * defined variables, imports, and state are preserved.
+   *
+   * This is useful for stopping long-running code after a timeout without
+   * losing kernel state.
+   *
+   * @param context context to interrupt.
+   *
+   * @returns void.
+   */
+  async interruptCodeContext(context: Context | string): Promise<void> {
+    try {
+      const id = typeof context === 'string' ? context : context.id
+      const headers: Record<string, string> = {
+        'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+      }
+
+      if (this.trafficAccessToken) {
+        headers['E2B-Traffic-Access-Token'] = this.trafficAccessToken
+      }
+
+      const res = await fetch(`${this.jupyterUrl}/contexts/${id}/interrupt`, {
+        method: 'POST',
+        headers,
+        keepalive: true,
+        signal: this.connectionConfig.getSignal(
+          this.connectionConfig.requestTimeoutMs
+        ),
+      })
+
+      const error = await extractError(res)
+      if (error) {
+        throw error
+      }
+    } catch (error) {
+      throw formatRequestTimeoutError(error)
+    }
+  }
 }

python/e2b_code_interpreter/code_interpreter_async.py

@@ -369,3 +369,41 @@ async def restart_code_context(
                 raise err
         except httpx.TimeoutException:
             raise format_request_timeout_error()
+
+    async def interrupt_code_context(
+        self,
+        context: Union[Context, str],
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Interrupt a running execution in a context.
+
+        This sends an interrupt signal to the Jupyter kernel, which stops the
+        currently running code without restarting the kernel. All previously
+        defined variables, imports, and state are preserved.
+
+        This is useful for stopping long-running code after a timeout without
+        losing kernel state.
+
+        :param context: Context to interrupt. Can be a Context object or a context ID string.
+
+        :return: None
+        """
+        context_id = context.id if isinstance(context, Context) else context
+        try:
+            headers = {
+                "Content-Type": "application/json",
+            }
+            if self.traffic_access_token:
+                headers["E2B-Traffic-Access-Token"] = self.traffic_access_token
+
+            response = await self._client.post(
+                f"{self._jupyter_url}/contexts/{context_id}/interrupt",
+                headers=headers,
+                timeout=self.connection_config.request_timeout,
+            )
+
+            err = await aextract_exception(response)
+            if err:
+                raise err
+        except httpx.TimeoutException:
+            raise format_request_timeout_error()

python/e2b_code_interpreter/code_interpreter_sync.py

@@ -366,3 +366,42 @@ def restart_code_context(
                 raise err
         except httpx.TimeoutException:
             raise format_request_timeout_error()
+
+    def interrupt_code_context(
+        self,
+        context: Union[Context, str],
+    ) -> None:
+        """
+        Interrupt a running execution in a context.
+
+        This sends an interrupt signal to the Jupyter kernel, which stops the
+        currently running code without restarting the kernel. All previously
+        defined variables, imports, and state are preserved.
+
+        This is useful for stopping long-running code after a timeout without
+        losing kernel state.
+
+        :param context: Context to interrupt. Can be a Context object or a context ID string.
+
+        :return: None
+        """
+        context_id = context.id if isinstance(context, Context) else context
+
+        try:
+            headers: Dict[str, str] = {"Content-Type": "application/json"}
+            if self._envd_access_token:
+                headers["X-Access-Token"] = self._envd_access_token
+            if self.traffic_access_token:
+                headers["E2B-Traffic-Access-Token"] = self.traffic_access_token
+
+            response = self._client.post(
+                f"{self._jupyter_url}/contexts/{context_id}/interrupt",
+                headers=headers,
+                timeout=self.connection_config.request_timeout,
+            )
+
+            err = extract_exception(response)
+            if err:
+                raise err
+        except httpx.TimeoutException:
+            raise format_request_timeout_error()

template/server/main.py

@@ -183,6 +183,27 @@ async def restart_context(context_id: str) -> None:
     websockets[context_id] = ws
 
 
+@app.post("/contexts/{context_id}/interrupt")
+async def interrupt_context(context_id: str) -> None:
+    logger.info(f"Interrupting context {context_id}")
+
+    ws = websockets.get(context_id, None)
+    if not ws:
+        return PlainTextResponse(
+            f"Context {context_id} not found",
+            status_code=404,
+        )
+
+    response = await client.post(
+        f"{JUPYTER_BASE_URL}/api/kernels/{ws.context_id}/interrupt"
+    )
+    if not response.is_success:
+        return PlainTextResponse(
+            f"Failed to interrupt context {context_id}",
+            status_code=500,
+        )
+
+
 @app.delete("/contexts/{context_id}")
 async def remove_context(context_id: str) -> None:
     logger.info(f"Removing context {context_id}")

template/server/messaging.py

@@ -294,6 +294,11 @@ async def execute(
         if self._ws is None:
             raise Exception("WebSocket not connected")
 
+        # Phase A (under lock): prepare env vars, send request to kernel,
+        # and schedule env var cleanup. The lock serializes sends to the
+        # Jupyter kernel WebSocket and protects shared state like
+        # _global_env_vars and _cleanup_task.
+        message_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
         async with self._lock:
             # Wait for any pending cleanup task to complete
             if self._cleanup_task and not self._cleanup_task.done():
@@ -327,7 +332,6 @@ async def execute(
                 )
                 complete_code = f"{indented_env_code}\n{complete_code}"
 
-            message_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
             execution = Execution()
             self._executions[message_id] = execution
 
@@ -362,18 +366,28 @@ async def execute(
                 )
                 await execution.queue.put(UnexpectedEndOfExecution())
 
-            # Stream the results
-            async for item in self._wait_for_result(message_id):
-                yield item
-
-            del self._executions[message_id]
-
-            # Clean up env vars in a separate request after the main code has run
+            # Schedule env var cleanup while still holding the lock.
+            # The cleanup sends a background execute_request to the kernel,
+            # which will be processed after the main code finishes (kernel
+            # serializes execution). The next execute() call will await
+            # this task in Phase A before proceeding.
             if env_vars:
                 self._cleanup_task = asyncio.create_task(
                     self._cleanup_env_vars(env_vars)
                 )
 
+        # Phase B (no lock held): stream results back to client.
+        # Results are routed by unique message_id in _process_message(),
+        # so no shared state is accessed during streaming. If the client
+        # disconnects (SDK timeout), the generator is abandoned but the
+        # lock is already released — no orphaned lock.
+        try:
+            async for item in self._wait_for_result(message_id):
+                yield item
+        finally:
+            # Clean up execution entry even if generator is abandoned
+            self._executions.pop(message_id, None)
+
     async def _receive_message(self):
         if not self._ws:
             logger.error("No WebSocket connection")